US aur China: Chip aur Rare Earth pe Tension!
Geneva mein US aur China ke beech tariff kam karne ka agreement hua tha, lekin ab chip aur rare earth (uncommon minerals) ki access ko lekar tension badh rahi hai. Aur lag raha hai ki ismein China aage hai. President Donald Trump ne Friday ko China par yeh kehkar ilzaam lagaya ki unhone pichhle mahine hue agreement ko tod diya hai, aur unhone apne Chinese counterpart Xi Jinping se baat karne ki koshish ki. Sabse badi dikkat critical minerals hain, US ke officials yeh complaint kar rahe hain ki Beijing ne cutting-edge electronics ke liye zaruri exports jaldi nahin kiye. US ne kaha tha ki tariff kam karne ka faisla China ke is agreement par depend karta tha ki woh kuch rare earths ki export control hatayega. “Dono deshon ke presidents ke beech baatcheet ki zaroorat hai,” Deputy US Treasury Secretary Michael Faulkender ne Monday ko Bloomberg Television ke saath ek interview mein kaha. Ek US administration official ne Monday ko kaha ki leaders ki baatcheet is hafte hone ki ummeed hai. Washington mein Chinese Embassy ne comment ke liye request ka turant jawab nahi diya.
Faulkender ne yeh bhi kaha ki US aur China “baatcheet kar rahe hain” aur Trump administration ke officials apne counterparts se “Geneva mein kiye gaye commitments ko pura karne” ke liye kehne ki koshish kar rahe hain.
India mein Electric Two-Wheeler ki Sales mein Tezi!
China America ki national security ke liye zaruri metals pe restrictions laga raha hai, isliye Washington apni tech restrictions badha raha hai. Pichhle teen hafton mein, US ne China ko critical jet engine parts bhejne pe rok lagayi hai, Beijing ki chip-design software tak access ko kam kiya hai aur Huawei Technologies Co. ke chips pe nayi restrictions lagayi hain.
Isse duniya ki doosri sabse badi economy mein gussa hai. Chinese officials ne Monday ko jawab dene ki kasam khaai aur US par Geneva consensus ko kamzor karne ka ilzaam lagaya, jisse leaders ke call hone ki ummeed kam ho gayi hai. Is dispute se Washington aur Beijing ke beech nazuk trade truce khatre mein pad sakta hai. Theory mein, 90-din ki negotiating period ke baad tariffs 100% se zyada badh sakte hain. Yeh pakka nahin hai ki export curbs ko lekar yeh jhagda relations ko bigadega ya nahin. Trump ke paas yeh rokne ka incentive hai, kyunki saal ki shuruat mein US ki economy shrink hui hai aur markets huge tariffs ke bojh se ghabra gaye hain.
Supply-Chain War: Kon Jeetega?
Switzerland mein hue agreement ke hisse ke taur par, China ne April mein Trump dwara punitive duties announce karne ke baad “United States ke khilaaf liye gaye non-tariff countermeasures” ko hatane ya suspend karne ka wada kiya tha. Chinese government ne iske matlab ke bare mein kuchh nahin bataya. Rare-earth exporters ko Ministry of Commerce se permits leni hogi. Yeh process opaque aur verify karna mushkil hai, jisse officials isko bahut kam visibility ke saath on aur off kar sakte hain. Paperwork ki wajah se delays hue hain, jo ab kam hone lage hain. “Hamein kuchh approvals mil rahe hain— industry jitni chahti hai usse zaroor kam,” Michael Hart, president of the American Chamber of Commerce in China ne kaha. “Kuchh delay China ke new system ko chalane se judi hai.”
Kuchh US firms ke liye, metals itni tez nahin aa rahe. Ford Motor Co. ne pichhle mahine Chicago mein ek factory temporarily band kar di kyunki uske paas rare earth components kam hogaye the. Ek US defense aviation conference mein, jo Combs ne recently attend kiya tha, rare earths ek top topic tha. Attendees ne is dhamki ko “bahut seriously liya,” unhone kaha.
China ka Dabaav: India bhi pareshan!
In concerns se yeh pata chalta hai ki export controls China ke supply-chain warfare ka ek central pillar kyun ban gaye hain: Yeh US industries ko nuksan pahunch sakte hain aur ghar mein kam nuksan kar sakte hain. Iske contrast mein, tariffs Chinese manufacturers aur consumers dono ke liye costly ho sakte hain.
Xi ko aur zyada leverage de rahe hain, China ke rare earths controls ka impact sirf American importers tak limited nahin hai. India ki sabse badi electric scooter maker, Bajaj Auto Ltd., ne pichhle hafte warning di thi ki agar China shipments shuru nahin karta toh July mein hi desh ke vehicle production ko nuksan hoga. “Supplies aur stocks kam ho rahe hain,” firm ke executive director Rakesh Sharma ne kaha. 30 se zyada aise applications Indian companies ko shipping ke liye kiye gaye hain—aur ab tak kisi ko bhi approve nahin kiya gaya hai, Sharma ne yeh bhi kaha. Dusre badi Asian importer ki companies ko pichhle hafte permits milne lage hain, desh ke ek official ne kaha jinhone naam nahin batane ki request ki thi.
