Origin of Famous Diamonds Traced to Southern India
Researchers have uncovered tantalizing evidence suggesting that two of the world’s most celebrated diamonds, the Hope and Koh-i-Noor, may have originated in southern India’s Wajrakarur Kimberlite Field. Through meticulous analyses of mineral composition, geochemistry, and geological studies, the team has shed light on the enigmatic origins of these gemstones.
Golconda Diamonds: A Rich Heritage
The Golconda diamonds, encompassing the Hope and Koh-i-Noor, were historically mined along the banks of the Krishna River in southern India. However, the geological deposits that gave birth to these precious stones remained a mystery. The team’s extensive research, published last month, delves into this enigma, pointing to the Wajrakarur Kimberlite Field as the likely source.
Diamonds from the Depths
Diamonds are formed deep within the Earth’s mantle under extreme pressure and temperature. The researchers believe that the Hope Diamond was likely extracted from the Kollur Mine before 1668, while the Koh-i-Noor has adorned the British Crown Jewels since 1849. Both diamonds, originally weighing over 100 carats, have since been reduced in size.
Hidden Clues in Placer Deposits
The diamonds were discovered in placer mines, where sediments are excavated from riverbeds. These sediments likely transported the diamonds from their original source rock, a diamond-bearing peridotite known as kimberlite. By examining the mineral composition and geochemistry of rocks in the Wajrakarur Kimberlite Field, the researchers have identified similarities to the diamonds, bolstering their theory of origin.
Exceptional Blue Hues
The unique blue color of Type IIb diamonds, including the Hope and Koh-i-Noor, is attributed to the presence of boron. This element crystallized in rocks under immense pressure and temperatures far beneath the Earth’s surface. The team’s findings suggest that the diamonds formed at greater depths than most others, providing valuable insights into diamond genesis.
