More than a hundred people have lost their lives this week as violent protests gripped Bangladesh. The unrest erupted in response to the government’s reinstatement of a job quota system, sparking widespread anger and leading to a government-imposed curfew and army deployment with shoot-on-sight orders. The demonstrations, spearheaded by student groups, have been ongoing for weeks, fueled by frustration over limited employment opportunities for graduates.
The chaos highlights the deepening divisions within Bangladesh’s governance and economy, exposing the growing dissatisfaction among young people who face limited prospects after completing their education. These protests pose the most significant challenge to Prime Minister Sheikh Hasina’s leadership since securing her fourth consecutive term in office earlier this year. The unrest underscores the mounting discontent with her government’s policies and the perceived lack of opportunities for a large segment of the population.
Bangladesh gained independence from Pakistan in 1971 after a brutal war that lasted for over eight months. Following independence, a quota system was established to ensure representation for freedom fighters and women in government positions. This policy underwent revisions over the years, including the introduction of a 30% reservation for the children and grandchildren of freedom fighters, which remained in place until 2018.
In 2018, the government abolished the quota system, arguing that it was no longer necessary. However, this decision triggered significant backlash, with concerns raised about the effectiveness of the system and the lack of opportunities for non-reserved candidates. The government faced legal challenges to its decision, culminating in a High Court ruling in June 2023 that deemed the abolition of the quota system illegal. The court ordered the government to reinstate the 30% reservation for families of freedom fighters.
This decision was subsequently appealed by the government, leading to a temporary suspension by the Supreme Court. The case is now scheduled for a hearing on July 21st. The outcome of this legal battle will have significant implications for the future of the quota system and its impact on access to government jobs in Bangladesh. The protests and ongoing legal challenges highlight the complex issues surrounding affirmative action policies and the need for inclusive and equitable opportunities in a rapidly developing nation.
