Glaucoma: India’s Third Leading Cause of Blindness
Glaucoma is the third leading cause of blindness in India, affecting over 11.9 million individuals and causing irreversible vision loss in 1.2 million. Despite global efforts to raise awareness, it remains under-recognized in India due to its often asymptomatic nature.
Diagnosing and Treating Glaucoma
Glaucoma can be difficult to detect as it has no clear symptoms in early stages. It can mimic other eye conditions, making diagnosis challenging. Regular comprehensive eye examinations are crucial for timely detection. Once diagnosed, treatment aims to prevent further vision loss by controlling intraocular pressure (IOP) through eye drops, laser therapy, or surgery.
Risk Factors and Prevention
Increased age, family history, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, hypertension, and prolonged use of oral contraceptives raise the risk of glaucoma. Regular eye exams are recommended for individuals over 40, especially those with risk factors. Lifestyle adjustments, such as maintaining a healthy weight, controlling blood pressure, and quitting smoking, can help reduce the risk of glaucoma progression.
Living with Glaucoma
Living with glaucoma requires a comprehensive approach that includes medical treatment and lifestyle modifications. Adhering to prescribed medications, adopting a healthy lifestyle, and managing underlying conditions that contribute to glaucoma risk are essential for preserving vision. A diet rich in antioxidants, vitamin A (especially retinol), C, E, and zinc, as well as omega-3 fatty acids, can provide protection for vision.
