In Illinois, spring marks the time for decisive action against the invasive spongy moth and spotted lanternfly, both of which pose threats to the state’s trees and plant life.
The spongy moth, formerly known as the gypsy moth, has been present in Illinois for decades, causing defoliation and tree mortality. According to Kathryn Bronsky of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, it’s crucial to prevent the moth’s spread across the country, especially considering its potential to damage trees in the 20 states where it’s currently established.
Spongy moth egg masses, which are cream-colored and spongy in texture, are often found on surfaces like grills, patio furniture, and even trees. These egg masses can contain up to 1,000 eggs, which hatch in spring, leading to a surge in caterpillar populations. The caterpillars feed on hardwood trees, including oaks, and can cause significant damage to forests.
The spotted lanternfly, on the other hand, prefers grapes, hops, and some hardwood trees like walnuts. Matthew Travis of the USDA emphasizes the economic importance of these plants and the potential impact of the spotted lanternfly on agricultural communities. The spotted lanternfly’s egg masses are darker and harder than those of the spongy moth, and they are often found near railroads, a common pathway for invasive species.
Experts urge residents to report and destroy any egg masses they find to prevent the insects from entering their destructive phases. While the spongy moth is best eliminated in the egg stage due to its high numbers and potential to feed on millions of trees, the spotted lanternfly’s impact is primarily felt on specific crops and plants.
In Illinois, preemptive spraying has been used to control spongy moth populations, and this, combined with natural predators, has helped keep their numbers relatively low. However, vigilance is still necessary, as the insects’ range continues to expand. Residents are encouraged to inspect trees and outdoor items for egg masses and dispose of them properly to prevent the spread of these invasive species and protect the state’s valuable trees and plant life.
