Multilateralism, a collaborative approach involving three or more states, stands in contrast to bilateralism and unilateralism. It embodies a collective political project rooted in shared norms and values such as consultation, inclusion, and solidarity. Multilateralism serves as both a method of cooperation and an organizational framework for the international system.
The United Nations stands as the epitome of multilateralism, enshrining it within its charter as a cornerstone of international cooperation and peace. The UN Charter serves as a moral compass, guiding efforts to promote peace, uphold human rights, and foster cooperation among nations.
Multilateralism has evolved over the years, witnessing an increase in the number of member states and the inclusion of new actors such as NGOs and international organizations. This expansion has strengthened the multilateral system both horizontally and vertically.
Multilateralism has yielded tangible outcomes, including the eradication of smallpox disease and the advancement of arms control and human rights. The commitment to multilateralism and peace was reaffirmed by world leaders during the General Debate in September 2018, culminating in the establishment of the International Day of Multilateralism and Diplomacy for Peace on December 12, 2018.
As global leaders prepare to convene at the UN Summit of the Future in September, revitalizing multilateralism becomes imperative. By embracing multilateralism, nations can strengthen cooperation, resolve conflicts peacefully, and build a more just and equitable world.
