Asthma, a chronic respiratory disease, poses a significant health concern not only in India but globally, impacting millions of individuals worldwide, including a substantial number in India. The recent Global Burden of Disease (GBD, 1990–2019) estimated the total burden of asthma in India to be 34.3 million, accounting for 13.09% of the global burden. Alarmingly, India contributes to an astonishing 42% of asthma-related deaths globally. Additionally, the country ranks first in the world for disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) attributed to asthma, underscoring the substantial impact of the disease on overall health and quality of life.
Despite the increasing prevalence of asthma in India, Dr. Angira Dasgupta, HOD Chest Department at BR Singh Hospital in Kolkata, emphasizes the lack of awareness surrounding asthma and its symptoms. Many are unaware that asthma cannot be permanently cured but can be effectively managed with appropriate interventions and medication. Dr. Dasgupta highlights that only 20% of diagnosed patients are aware of asthma and its symptoms, while a staggering 80% remain uninformed about the disease. Among the aware patients, the majority are younger adults between the ages of 20 and 40, while those unaware are typically between 35 and 55 years old.
Recognizing the crucial need for awareness in better managing asthma, Dr. Dasgupta advises that understanding the symptoms and causes of asthma empowers individuals to avoid triggers, manage their symptoms, and reduce the risk of asthma attacks. For example, minimizing exposure to allergens such as dust mites, pet dander, and pollen can reduce inflammation and narrowing of the airways.
The urgent need to raise awareness about asthma among the general public is evident given its prevalence and increasing numbers. Dr. Dasgupta concludes that by disseminating accurate information, we can significantly enhance the quality of life for asthmatic patients.
