Azerbaijan Proposes Interim Peace Treaty with Armenia

Azerbaijan has proposed signing a document with Armenia outlining the basic principles of a future peace treaty as a temporary measure while negotiations for a broader agreement continue. The move comes as both countries strive to end the long-standing conflict over the former breakaway region of Nagorno-Karabakh. While a peace treaty draft is nearly complete, Azerbaijan insists on constitutional changes in Armenia removing any reference to Karabakh independence before signing.

Armenia’s Pivotal Moment: Breaking Free from Russian Influence in the Caucasus

Armenia, once a staunch Russian ally, is navigating a geopolitical shift by seeking Western alliances. This move comes amid tensions with Azerbaijan and concerns over Russia’s failure to protect Armenia during a recent conflict. The country is diversifying its foreign relations, forging closer ties with the EU and other Western powers, while facing challenges in balancing these relationships with its historical ties to Russia and the threat of renewed conflict with Azerbaijan. The article explores the implications of Armenia’s pivot to the West, the reactions from various players in the region, and the challenges and opportunities this shift presents for Armenia’s future.

Border Delimitation Begins Between Armenia and Azerbaijan

Armenia and Azerbaijan have commenced work on border demarcation, marking a significant step towards resolving territorial disputes that have strained relations for decades. Prime Minister Nikol Pashinyan approved Azerbaijan’s request to return four villages, sparking protests in neighboring Armenian villages fearing isolation. However, Armenia maintains that no sovereign territory will be ceded during the delimitation process, which utilizes Soviet-era maps. The disputed area includes strategic highways linking Armenia to Georgia and a major Russian gas pipeline, highlighting its geopolitical importance. Amid ongoing protests, Pashinyan emphasizes the necessity of resolving border disputes to prevent future conflicts. Russian border guards, previously deployed since 1992, will be replaced by troops from both Armenia and Azerbaijan.

Armenia Seeks Dismissal of Azerbaijan’s Karabakh Case at UN Court

Lawyers representing Armenia have urged the International Court of Justice to dismiss a case filed by Azerbaijan over the disputed Karabakh region. Azerbaijan initiated proceedings accusing Armenia of ethnic cleansing in 2021, shortly after Armenia brought its own case against Azerbaijan stemming from the 2020 Karabakh war. Armenia contests the court’s jurisdiction in the Azerbaijani case, arguing that most of the allegations date back to an earlier conflict. The International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination serves as the basis for the case. Despite the court’s previous orders for both parties to reduce tensions, the region remains disputed, with Azerbaijan gaining control over parts of the region in 2020 and 2023.

Armenia, Azerbaijan Spar Over Jurisdiction in UN Court Case on Karabakh

Armenia and Azerbaijan are engaged in a legal battle at the International Court of Justice (ICJ) over the disputed Karabakh region. Armenia is challenging the ICJ’s jurisdiction in the case brought by Azerbaijan, which accuses Armenia of ethnic cleansing. The case is based on the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination (CERD), which Azerbaijan ratified in 1996.

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