Cancer chemotherapy dosing is currently calculated based on a simplistic formula that does not account for individual variations. This approach can lead to patients receiving either too much or too little of a drug, resulting in avoidable toxicity or insufficient benefit. MIT engineers have developed an alternative approach, called CLAUDIA, that personalizes the dose to the patient based on real-time measurements of drug concentration in the system. This closed-loop system compensates for differences in drug metabolism, genetic makeup, and other factors, potentially improving safety and efficacy.