The Baghdad Battery, an enigmatic artifact, has sparked debates about ancient technological capabilities. Paul T. Keyser’s hypothesis challenges conventional narratives by proposing that it was utilized for electrotherapeutic purposes, possibly as an anesthetic or pain reliever. Archaeological evidence suggests that ancient Mesopotamia utilized different types of physicians, and Keyser theorizes that the Baghdad Battery may have been employed to administer electric currents. This theory aligns with evidence of electric fish being used in ancient medical practices by civilizations such as the Greeks and Romans.