Eczema, a chronic skin disease affecting children worldwide, has spiked in recent decades, particularly in industrialized nations. Research suggests that environmental factors, such as exposure to certain chemicals, play a significant role. Diisocyanates and xylene, common in synthetic materials, polyurethane, and exhaust fumes, have been linked to increased eczema risk. These chemicals can disrupt the skin’s microbiome, preventing the production of ceramides, essential for a healthy skin barrier. Reducing exposure to these chemicals, avoiding synthetic fabrics and harsh skincare products, and addressing microbial balance are crucial steps in managing eczema. Understanding the environmental triggers can help protect children from this increasingly prevalent condition.