The recent detection of a poliovirus variant in Gaza’s wastewater raises concerns about the potential for an outbreak. While no cases of paralytic polio have been reported, the presence of the virus in a region already struggling with war and displacement underscores the importance of vaccination, sanitation, and humanitarian aid. The article explores the history of polio, the different types of polioviruses, and the challenges in achieving high vaccination coverage, particularly in conflict zones. It also highlights the need for continued wastewater surveillance and the importance of ceasing hostilities to ensure effective public health measures in Gaza.