In a significant advancement for the hemp industry, researchers at Texas A&M University’s hemp-breeding program have successfully developed drought-resistant strains that can withstand the harsh conditions of Texas. Led by Dr. Russell Jessup, the team has created genetics capable of thriving in extreme heat and arid environments, a crucial breakthrough for farmers seeking to cultivate hemp in challenging climates.
These robust strains were carefully selected through a rigorous testing process that Dr. Jessup aptly describes as “torture.” Plants were subjected to intense light, high temperatures, and salty conditions, deprived of water, and planted in poor soil. Only the strongest and most resilient plants, the “MMA plants” as Dr. Jessup calls them, survived this ordeal and were chosen for further breeding.
The breeding program focuses on developing hemp varieties that can overcome the specific challenges of Texas’ climate, including extreme heat, humidity, and water scarcity. These new strains are designed to meet the needs of farmers seeking to grow industrial hemp for both seeds and fibers, providing a viable solution for regions facing drought conditions.
“The material out of Colorado, Oregon, and Europe does okay in Amarillo and the Panhandle, but when you get below Dallas, and especially below Austin, it just goes to hell,” Dr. Jessup explains, highlighting the need for climate-adapted hemp varieties.
Beyond its economic potential, hemp is increasingly recognized for its role in sustainable agriculture and climate change mitigation. As a sustainable crop, hemp requires less water than cotton and possesses remarkable carbon sequestration abilities. Studies have shown that hemp can absorb up to 16 tons of CO2 per hectare annually, surpassing the carbon absorption capabilities of trees, making it a valuable tool in carbon farming initiatives.
The USDA has been actively investing in sustainable hemp research, including projects dedicated to understanding its climate benefits. The department has also certified 19 hemp varieties. Texas A&M’s contribution of drought-resistant hemp varieties to the USDA’s germplasm collection further diversifies the available strains for farmers, empowering them to cultivate hemp in a wider range of climates and contribute to a more sustainable future.
