Eczema, a chronic skin disease that affects approximately 1 in 5 children in industrialized nations, has experienced a significant increase in prevalence since 1970. While genetic factors play a role, researchers have identified a strong correlation between eczema rates and environmental exposures, particularly to certain chemicals.
Diisocyanates and xylene, two chemical classes used in the production of synthetic materials such as spandex, polyurethane, and polyester, have emerged as primary suspects. These chemicals are also present in cigarette smoke and wildfires.
Exposure to diisocyanates and xylene has been shown to directly cause eczema, itch, and inflammation in animal studies. These chemicals disrupt the skin’s microbiome, a community of microorganisms that play a critical role in maintaining skin health. Specifically, they inhibit the production of ceramides, a type of lipid that forms a protective barrier on the skin, preventing moisture loss and infection.
Researchers have found that exposure to these chemicals, even at levels similar to those found in everyday environments, can alter the skin microbiome’s composition and reduce ceramide production. This shift in the microbiome can lead to skin dryness, irritation, and increased susceptibility to eczema.
To effectively manage eczema, reducing exposure to diisocyanates and xylene is essential. Avoiding synthetic fabrics such as nylon, spandex, and polyester, nonlatex foams, polyurethanes, and certain paints, especially for children under four, is advisable. Additionally, avoiding cigarette smoke and ensuring proper ventilation in indoor spaces is crucial.
Improving microbial balance can also be beneficial. Avoiding skincare products, detergents, and cleansers that limit the growth of healthy skin bacteria may be helpful. Replacing bacteria that have been overly exposed to these chemicals with probiotics, such as Roseomonas mucosa, a ceramide-producing bacterium, has shown promising results in reducing eczema symptoms.
Evaluating the environmental causes of diseases that have become increasingly common in industrialized societies can help protect children from chemical triggers and contribute to a healthier future where these diseases are less prevalent. Understanding the link between pollution and eczema empowers individuals to make informed decisions to mitigate risk and improve skin health.
