The United Nations Stabilization Mission in Mali (MINUSMA), a presence that aimed to bring peace and stability to the war-torn nation, is officially ending its decade-long mission. The ruling junta in Mali, which seized power in a 2020 coup, ordered the UN mission to leave last December, citing strained relations and accusing MINUSMA of “fuelling community tensions.” The final departure date is set for mid-November, marking a significant turning point in the country’s tumultuous history.
Since its deployment in 2013, MINUSMA had deployed around 15,000 soldiers and police in Mali, a fragile and impoverished West African nation struggling with jihadist violence and other crises. The mission’s presence aimed to protect civilians, support the Malian government in restoring state authority, and facilitate dialogue between warring factions. However, its efforts were met with increasing challenges, including attacks on its personnel, allegations of misconduct, and political disputes with the Malian government.
The deteriorating relationship between the Malian junta and the UN reached a breaking point last year, leading to the junta’s decision to expel MINUSMA. The junta has since aligned itself with Russia, seeking political and military assistance, while severing ties with France, its former colonial ruler and a key partner in the fight against jihadist insurgents in the north.
The departure of MINUSMA leaves a significant void in Mali’s security landscape. The UN mission’s role in providing security and facilitating dialogue between warring parties is now left to the Malian government, which faces formidable challenges in combating the ongoing jihadist insurgency. The withdrawal also raises concerns about the fate of the millions of Malians affected by the conflict and the future of the country’s fragile peace process.
The end of MINUSMA’s mission in Mali marks a critical turning point in the country’s trajectory. The withdrawal has raised serious questions about the UN’s capacity to operate effectively in challenging environments and the long-term consequences for the country’s stability and security. The coming months will be crucial in observing the impact of MINUSMA’s departure and the evolving security landscape in Mali.
