World Brain Tumour Day, observed on June 8th, emphasizes the significance of understanding the health hazards associated with tumours, particularly those impacting the neurological system. While not all tumours are cancerous, they can pose a serious threat to an individual’s well-being if left undetected or untreated.
Dr. Sonal Gupta, a seasoned neurosurgeon and senior director at Fortis Hospital, sheds light on the nature of tumours and the importance of early diagnosis. Tumours, defined as solid masses of tissue resulting from abnormal cell growth, can vary in their composition. Cysts, on the other hand, are fluid-filled sacs, whereas cancer refers to tumours that exhibit invasive behavior, rapid growth, and the potential to spread to other parts of the body.
Recognizing the symptoms of a tumour is crucial for timely medical intervention. Unexplained pain, palpable lumps, unintentional weight loss, headaches, and alterations in vision or movement can all be indicative of a tumour’s presence. Consulting a medical professional is essential upon experiencing any persistent or unusual symptoms.
Advanced imaging techniques such as CT scans and MRI play a pivotal role in detecting brain tumours. Early detection enhances the effectiveness of treatment, minimizing the risk of malignant transformation. Addressing common misconceptions about tumours is vital. It is essential to dispel myths about the inherent cancerous nature of all tumours or the efficacy of alternative medicines in shrinking them. Comprehensive awareness campaigns can help disseminate accurate information regarding tumour diagnosis and treatment.
India, facing the challenge of being labeled the ‘cancer capital of the world,’ has a healthcare system that confronts immense challenges. Despite the combined efforts of the public and private sectors, there are hurdles in managing the growing number of cancer patients, including limited access to care in government facilities and a low rate of insurance coverage.
Lifestyle factors and advancements in diagnostics both contribute to the increasing incidence of tumours and cancers. Unhealthy dietary habits, physical inactivity, and exposure to pollutants elevate cancer risk, while technological advancements facilitate earlier detection. Microscopic brain surgery techniques, enabled by precision instruments, allow for the removal of tumours with minimal impact on healthy tissues, preserving optimal brain health. This year’s Brain Tumour Day aptly focuses on ‘Brain Health and Prevention.’
Tumour marker tests, which analyze blood samples for specific markers associated with certain types of tumours, hold promise in early detection. These tests empower healthcare professionals to identify tumours at an early stage, maximizing the likelihood of successful treatment.
Emotional and psychological support for patients and their families is an integral part of comprehensive care. Counselling, support groups, and holistic therapies help alleviate the stress and anxiety associated with a tumour diagnosis and its treatment.
Beyond traditional surgical approaches, alternative treatment modalities like radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapies offer additional options for tumour management. Emerging techniques such as cryoablation (freezing the tumour) and focused ultrasound (utilizing sound waves to destroy the tumour) are undergoing experimental evaluation in various cancers.
Incorporating new technologies like artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning into healthcare practices enhances diagnostic accuracy, personalizes treatment plans, and predicts outcomes. These advancements streamline the treatment process, making it less distressing for patients. For instance, AI-based neuronavigation in brain tumour surgery facilitates minimally invasive precision procedures.
On World Brain Tumour Day, it is imperative to raise awareness about the multifaceted nature of tumours, dispel misconceptions, and emphasize the significance of timely diagnosis and appropriate treatment. By embracing a holistic approach that encompasses emotional support, alternative therapies, and cutting-edge technologies, healthcare professionals can empower patients on their journey towards recovery and well-being.
