Vietnam, the world’s third-largest rice exporter, is at the forefront of a climate-friendly rice revolution. The country has recognized the urgency of addressing methane emissions from rice cultivation, which contributes significantly to global warming. Traditional rice farming practices, involving flooded fields, significantly increase methane production due to the anaerobic conditions created in the soil.
To combat this, Vietnam is implementing innovative techniques to reduce water consumption and methane emissions while maintaining crop yields. One such technique is alternate wetting and drying (AWD), which involves alternately flooding and draining rice fields. This method reduces water usage by up to 30% and significantly lowers methane emissions by allowing oxygen into the soil.
Another groundbreaking approach is the use of drones for fertilization. Drones can precisely apply fertilizers, reducing costs and ensuring optimal nutrient distribution. This method also mitigates soil pollution and nitrogen gas emissions associated with excessive fertilizer use. Additionally, farmers are encouraged to refrain from burning rice stubble, a major source of air pollution, and instead sell it to companies that utilize it as livestock feed or for growing straw mushrooms.
These climate-friendly practices have proven beneficial to farmers like Vo Van Van. By adopting AWD and using organic fertilizers, Van has reduced his costs while maintaining crop yields. He has also gained access to new markets, as European consumers are willing to pay a premium for organic rice.
Loc Troi Group, one of Vietnam’s largest rice exporters, is actively collaborating with farmers to expand the adoption of these sustainable methods. The company aims to increase the acreage under climate-resilient rice farming from the current 100 hectares to 300,000 hectares by 2030.
Vietnam’s efforts are not only crucial for domestic food security but also for the global community. The Mekong Delta, where 90% of Vietnam’s exported rice is cultivated, is one of the most climate-vulnerable regions in the world. The country’s commitment to methane reduction demonstrates leadership in addressing the challenges posed by climate change.
International organizations, such as the World Bank, are supporting Vietnam’s initiatives and promoting similar projects in other rice-producing countries. The hope is that these efforts will not only mitigate methane emissions but also enhance agricultural resilience and contribute to global food security in the face of climate change.
