The World Health Organization (WHO) has declared mpox a public health emergency of international concern, signaling the highest level of alarm under international health law. This decision comes amid a rapid surge in mpox cases, particularly in Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo, with the virus spreading to neighboring countries as well.
The WHO Director General, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, emphasized the gravity of the situation during a media briefing. He stated that the Emergency Committee, convened to assess the outbreak, advised him that the situation constitutes a public health emergency of international concern. This designation triggers a global response, enabling the WHO to mobilize resources and coordinate efforts to contain the outbreak and provide assistance to affected countries.
Understanding Mpox Symptoms and Prevention
Common symptoms of mpox include a distinctive skin rash or mucosal lesions that can last for 2 to 4 weeks. This rash may be accompanied by fever, headache, muscle aches, back pain, fatigue, and swollen lymph nodes. It’s important to note that a rash or lesion alone doesn’t automatically confirm mpox infection. If you experience such symptoms, seeking testing at a certified laboratory is crucial for accurate diagnosis. Currently, there are 15 Viral Research and Diagnostic Laboratories (VRDLs) equipped to test for mpox, including the National Institute of Virology (NIV) in Pune, India. The Indian government is also actively working on developing a dedicated test kit for mpox.
What to Do If You Are Infected with Mpox
If you are diagnosed with mpox, it is essential to take the following steps:
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Isolate:
The symptoms of mpox typically appear within two weeks of infection. Individuals are considered infectious until the symptoms subside and the rash and lesions have fully healed. Therefore, strict isolation is crucial to prevent further spread.*
Inform Close Contacts:
It is important to inform and advise all individuals who have had close contact with you in the past two weeks to get tested for mpox. Close contact is defined as:* Direct contact with the mpox rash, scabs, or bodily fluids.
* Touching objects, fabrics (clothing, bedding, towels), and surfaces that have been used by you.
* Contact with your respiratory secretions.
* Engaging in any sexual activity with you, including hugging, kissing, or sexual intercourse.
Maintaining Precautions When Infected
To minimize the risk of transmission, follow these guidelines if you are infected with mpox:
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Limit Contact:
Avoid contact with others, especially those who are at higher risk of severe illness.*
Restrict Animal Contact:
Limit contact with animals, as mpox can be transmitted from animals to humans.*
Avoid Sharing Personal Items:
Avoid sharing personal items like towels, bedding, bedsheets, brushes, and other belongings with others or allowing them to use your items.The WHO’s declaration of a public health emergency highlights the seriousness of the mpox outbreak. This designation will help focus international attention and resources on controlling the spread of the disease and protecting public health worldwide.
